setting up sendmail in Solaris 2.2
2007-12-25 8:23:00
that I didn't have 'mailhost' defined in my /etc/hosts file, and they were
right. Turns out that I needed to do a bit more.
This is a step-by-step on how I setup IPCs on our campus. The sendmail
stuff is near the end of the outline. Since I just came up with this, I
might be doing something extra that doesn't really need to be done. Feel
free to email me and give me suggestions/corrections for this list.
Perhaps something like this should go into the Sun FAQ?
Note that I don't setup the workstations here using NIS+, but the
procedure should work even if you use it. There are notes in here about
using netmasks, etc. You should configure this list for your own site.
Many thanks to all the folks that sent me suggestions.
...Roy
--
Roy Hallquist, Jr. BITNET: rh06113@uafsysb
Computing Services Internet: rh06113@uafsysb.uark.edu
University of Arkansas or rhallqui@uafhp.uark.edu
Fayetteville, AR 72701 Phone: (501) 575-2905
How to Install Solaris 2.2
on an IPC
Updated July 20, 1993
Name conventions used in this document
planet The machine getting Solaris 2.2 installed on it.
star The local name server and mailhost.
.system.edu The local DNS domain.
I. Boot the Solaris 2.2 CD-ROM.
A. Shutdown the system.
1. SunOS 4.1.x users should login as root and type
shutdown -h now
2. Solaris 2.x users should login as root and type
init 0
B. Insert the CD disk into the caddy and put the caddy into the
drive.
C. Boot from the CD-ROM.
1. If the prompt looks like a ">", you will probably have to
type "new" to get to the new command mode of the PROM
monitor. You should get an "ok" prompt.
2. At the "ok" prompt type
boot cdrom
The system should boot from the CD-ROM drive. On some
systems you may have to type
boot sd(0,6,2)
D. The system takes about 10 minutes to boot up from CD. The
system will say something like WARNING: clock gained 184 days -
- CHECK AND RESET THE DATE! Ignore this message.
II. Install Solaris 2.2.
A. You will be asked for the hostname of your machine. Type it
in.
Hostname: planet
WARNING: There was a bug in the Solaris 2.1 install procedure
that chopped the hostname after the first 9 letters. This may
not have been fixed in Solaris 2.2. DO NOT use a fully
qualified domain name (like planet.system.edu), but rather just use
the first part of the name (like planet). Entering a fully
qualified domain name could render the computer unusable later
in the install process and requiring an OS reinstall.
B. You will be asked
Will this system by connected to a network?
No
>Yes
C. You will be asked
What is your Internet Protocol (IP) address?
IP address: 130.184.71.23
D. You are asked if the information is correct. Answer yes if it
is, or say no and go back and fix it.
E. You will be asked
Do you want to configure this system as a client of a name
server? If so, which name service do you want to use?
NIS+ Client
NIS (formerly yp) Client
>None - use /etc files
F. You will then be asked
Does this workstation's network have sub-networks?
No
>Yes
G. You will then be asked for the netmask value. The default
netmask is correct.
Netmask: 255.255.255.0
H. Now you get the chance to review the information you entered
and to go back and change it if you need to.
I. You will be asked
What is your geographic region?
Africa
Western Asia
Eastern Asia
Australia / New Zealand
Canada
Europe
Central America
South America
>United States
other - offset from GMT
other - specify rules file
J. You will be asked
What is your time zone?
Eastern
>Central
Mountain
Pacific
Yukon
East-Indiana
Arizona
Michigan
Samoa
Aleutian
Hawaii
none of these - return to regions menu
K. You will be asked
What is the current date and time?
Year (4 digits) 1993
Month (1-12) 05
Day (1-31) 14
Hour (0-23) 15
Minute (0-59) 24
L. You will get a chance to review the information you have typed
in.
M. The system will pause for a minute then you will be asked about
what kind of installation you want to do.
( Quick Install... )
( Custom Install... )
( Upgrade... )
( Exit Install... )
( Help... )
Choose the Quick Install.
N. Next, you must define the installation configuration. The
choices are:
Entire distribution: 284.18 MB
Developer system support: 210.31 MB
End user system support: 126.44 MB
Core system support: 44.37 MB
Sun IPC's with 200 megabyte hard disks should choose the end
user system support package.
O. The install program now attempts to autoconfigure the
partitioning of the hard disk(s). Sun IPC's with one 200
megabyte disk drive have the partitions auto-configured like
this:
File system Size (MB) Disk Space used
/ 14.00 c0t3d0 68%
swap 39.00 c0t3d0 0%
/opt 22.00 c0t3d0 39%
/usr 120.00 c0t3d0 37%
Select "Begin Install"
P. The installation will begin. The computer will read from the
CD-ROM for about 45 minutes and reboot itself.
WARNING: If you typed in a fully qualified domain name for the
hostname of the machine, the computer may hang when it reboots.
There is a bug in the install procedure for Solaris 2.1 that
truncates this information to 9 letters when you type it in.
This may not have been fixed for Solaris 2.2. Usually, you
will see warnings that look like
le0: bad address
during the boot procedure if you typed in a fully qualified
domain name.
III. Configure Solaris 2.1
A. When the computer finishes booting, you will be asked
What is your root password?
Pick a good root password and type it in.
B. After few minutes the login prompt will appear. Login as root.
C. Start up OpenWindows if you like. It can make some things
easier to do. Type
/usr/openwin/bin/openwin
If you do, and you haven't ejected the CD-ROM yet, you're given
the chance to eject the disk. You may also eject the CD-ROM at
any time (provided that your present working directory is not
one of the ones on the CD) by typing
eject cd
D. Setup domain name service.
1. Copy the configuration file that uses files, not NIS to
the nsswitch.conf file.
cd /etc
cp nsswitch.files nsswitch.conf
2. Edit the nsswitch.conf file and make changes so that DNS
will be consulted. Add the word "dns" after the word
"files" on the hosts: line.
E. Check the /etc/defaultrouter file. The install procedure does
not create it, so you probably will have to. The existence of
this file prevents routed from running. The file should
contain only the IP address of the router on your subnet. Most
routers on this campus have an x.x.x.5 IP address. An example
looks like this:
130.184.71.5
F. Edit the /etc/hosts file. It should contain entries for
localhost, the machine you are working on, and the name server
(although it is not listed as a name server in this file) and
the machine that you will use as a mail host. An example:
#
# Internet host table
#
127.0.0.1 localhost loghost
130.184.71.23 planet.system.edu planet
130.184.7.103 star.system.edu star mailhost
G. Check the /etc/netmasks file. It should already be set up
correctly. It should contain a line that looks like this:
130.184.0.0 255.255.255.0
H. Check the /etc/resolv.conf file. An OS installation does not
create this file, so you will probably have to do it. It
should contain these lines:
domain system.edu
nameserver 130.184.7.103
Some system administrators choose to add other name servers to
the list like this:
nameserver 130.184.64.233
nameserver 192.35.82.2
I. Setup sendmail:
1. Kill the old sendmail daemon.
ps -ef | grep sendmail
kill <PID of sendmail>
2. Setup your NIS domain name.
domainname .system.edu
domainname > /etc/defaultdomain
3. Setup the machine to use the mx version of sendmail for
Internet use. The default sendmail is not the mx version.
cd /usr/lib
cp sendmail sendmail.nomx
rm sendmail
ln -s sendmail.mx sendmail
4. The mailbox has moved under Solaris 2.x. Setup a link so
that programs like elm and pine can find the new mailbox.
ln -s /var/mail /var/spool/mail
5. Use the main mail distribution configuration file, not the
default subsidiary mail distribution file.
cd /etc/mail
cp sendmail.cf sendmail.cf.old
cp main.cf sendmail.cf
6. Change the values of some of the macros in the sendmail.cf
file.
a. Comment out Dj$m on line 26 and uncomment Dj$w on
line 30.
b. Change DMsmartuucp on line 34 to DMether
c. Setup the DR and CR macros on lines 37 and 38 so that
they reference the mailhost defined in the /etc/hosts
file.
DRmailhost
CRmailhost
d. Make entries for the w and m macros after line 77
(after the comments that talk about the Dm and Cm
lines).
Dmplanet.system.edu
Dwplanet.system.edu
7. Mail won't work until you restart the sendmail daemon,
either by rebooting the machine or by restarting it
manually:
/usr/lib/sendmail -bd -q1h
J. Reboot the machine. Type
init 6
K. Test mail (sending and receiving) if you set up your machine to
use mail.
That's it!
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